ASTM D8 − 13b Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements

ASTM D8 − 13b Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements

Terminology
aggregate, n—a granular material of mineral composition such as sand, gravel, shell, slag, or crushed stone, used with a cementing medium to form mortars or concrete, or alone as in base courses, railroad ballasts, etc.
anionic emulsion, n—a type of emulsion such that a particular emulsifying agent establishes a predominance of negative charges on the discontinuous phase.

asphalt, n—A dark brown to black cement-like residuum obtained from the distillation of suitable crude oils.
DISCUSSION—The distillation processes may involve one or more of the following: atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, steam distillation.

Further processing of distillation residuum may be needed to yield a material whose physical properties are suitable for commercial applications.

These additional processes can involve air oxidation, solvent stripping or blending of residua of different stiffness characteristics. In Europe asphalt is called bitumen.

ASTM D8 − 13b Standard Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements

maintenance mix, n—a mixture of bituminous material and mineral aggregate applied at ambient temperature for use in patching holes, depressions, and distress areas in existing pavements using appropriate hand or mechanical methods in placing and compacting the mix.

These mixes may be designed for immediate use or for use out of a stockpile at a later time without further processing.